科研之友
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摘要
Conventional semibalance-based moveout analysis models prestack reflection data with events that have hyperbolic moveout and no amplitude variation with offset (AVO). Substantial amplitude variation and even phase change with offset do not significantly compromise the semblance operator. However, polarity reversal associated with a change in the sign of the reflection coefficient may cause conventional semblance to fail. An existing modification of the semblance operator that takes amplitude variations into account (so-called AK semblance) is limited to narrow-azimuth data and cannot handle nonhyperbolic moveout at large offsets. We employ a 3D nonhyperbolic moveout inversion algorithm to extend the AK semblance method to wide-azimuth data recorded on long spreads. To preserve velocity resolution, the ratio K of the AVO gradient and intercept is kept constant within each semblance In the presence of azimuthal anisotropy, however, the parameter K has to be azimuthally dependent. Synthetic tests confirm that distortions in moveout analysis caused by polarity reversals become more common for long-offset data. Conventional semblance produces substantial errors in the NMO ellipse and azimuthally varying anellipticity parameter eta not just for class 2AVO response but also for some models with class I AVO. In contrast, the AK semblance algorithm gives accurate estimates of the moveout parameters even when the position of the polarity reversal varies with azimuth. The AK method not only helps to flatten wide-azimuth reflection events prior to stacking and azimuthal AVO analysis but also provides input parameters for the anisotropic geometrical-spreading correction.
- 出版日期2008-4
