Modifying nitrogen fertilizer practices can reduce greenhouse gas emissions from a Chinese double rice cropping system

作者：Wang, Bin; Li, Yu'e^*; Wan, Yunfan; Qin, Xiaobo; Gao, Qingzhu; Liu, Shuo; Li, Jianling

来源：Agriculture Ecosystems & Environment, 2016, 215: 100-109.

DOI：10.1016/j.agee.2015.09.008

• Double rice-winter fallow rotation
• Automatic closed chamber
• Greenhouse gas emission intensity
• Controlled release urea
• Nitrification inhibitor
• Effective microorganisms

Practical nitrogen fertilizers are required that simultaneously increase yield and reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from rice (Oryza sativa L.) paddies. A field experiment was conducted to measure methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) fluxes in situ during two double rice-winter fallow rotations (2012-2014) under five different nitrogen fertilizer treatments: traditional urea (CM), polymer-coated controlled release urea (CRU), urea with N-Sever nitrapyrin (NU), urea with 3,4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate (DMPP), and urea with effective microorganisms (EM). The results revealed that GHG emissions ranged between 77.2 and 178.2 kg CH4 ha(-1) and 4.18 and 10.11 kg N2O ha(-1) averagely over the whole rotation, and significant differences (P < 0.05) among treatments and seasons were found. N2O emissions accounted for 26.6-36.9% of total GWP, and significant N2O emissions were observed during the winter fallow period, ranging from 3.1 to 3.88 kg N2O ha(-1). Compared to the GWP (7.66 and 8.85 Mg CO2 ha(-1)) and GHGI (0.52 and 0.63 Mg CO2 Mg-1 grain) from CM in 2012 and 2013 rotation, respectively, CRU achieved the highest reduction (48.5% for GWP and 55.4% for GHGI) in 2012, NU achieved the highest reduction (37.6% for GWP and 43.1% for GHGI) in 2013, and other treatments also realized different levels of decrease. Thus, controlled release urea, nitrification inhibitor or effective microorganisms might be effective fertilization options for low-carbon rice production with high yield.

• 出版日期2016-1-1
• 单位中国农业科学院; 海南省气象科学研究所; 中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所