摘要

The accuracies of three different global navigation satellite system (GNSS) wildlife-tracking collars were assessed in Torres del Paine National Park in Southern Patagonia, Chile by comparing collar-derived positions against high-accuracy control coordinates. We established control coordinates using dual-frequency, carrier-phase observing GNSS receivers and then compared these high-accuracy positions with the relatively low-accuracy, single-frequency, code-only wildlife-tracking collar positions in two scenarios: (i) stationary testing: three different manufacturers* collars were assessed on permanent control markers, and (ii) roving testing: one manufacturer*s collar was assessed throughout Torres del Paine National Park in places wildlife might take the collar, including three habitats with increasing sky-obstructing topography and tree canopy. The static results show that, even under ideal conditions, there are statistically significant differences in mean positional accuracy among the collars, but these differences are small compared to the size of the home ranges of the types of animals that would be ftted with a collar. The roving assessment showed that, under open sky, the average errors were consistent with the manufacturer*s claims, but mean-error distances and fx failures (failure to collect a scheduled position) increased with increasing sky obstruction. En el Parque Nacional Torres del Paine hemos evaluado la precisi車n de tres tipos de collares diferentes. Los collares utilizan los sistemas de navegaci車n global mediante sat谷lites (GNSS) y se utilizan en el seguimiento de la fauna salvaje. La evaluaci車n fue determinada comparando las posiciones del collar en relaci車n con coordenadas de control establecidas previamente y con posiciones muy precisas. Las coordenadas de control las establecimos utilizando receptores portadores de observaci車n GNSS de doble frecuencia y comparando estas posiciones de alta precisi車n con las de relativamente baja precisi車n, de frecuencia 迆nica, de un solo c車digo de seguimiento en dos escenarios: (i) pruebas estacionarias: tres collares de tres fabricantes diferentes fueron evaluados mediante marcadores de control permanente, y (ii) pruebas itinerantes: el collar de un fabricante se evalu車 en ambientes utilizados por animales portadores de collar. Estos ambientes incluyen tres tipos de h芍bitats con topograf赤a y copas de los 芍rboles que pudieran aumentar la obstrucci車n del contacto con los sat谷lites. Los resultados estacionarios muestran que incluso en condiciones ideales, hay diferencias estad赤sticamente significativ

  • 出版日期2012

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