Multiple mycotoxin exposure determined by urinary biomarkers in rural subsistence farmers in the former Transkei, South Africa

作者：Shephard Gordon S^*; Burger Hester Mari; Gambacorta Lucia; Gong Yun Yun; Krska Rudolf; Rheeder John P; Solfrizzo Michele; Srey Chou; Sulyok Michael; Visconti Angelo; Warth Benedikt; van der Westhuizen Liana

来源：Food and Chemical Toxicology, 2013, 62: 217-225.

DOI：10.1016/j.fct.2013.08.040

• Biomarker
• Fumonisin
• Deoxynivalenol
• Exposure
• Mycotoxin
• Zearalenone

Subsistence farmers are exposed to a range of mycotoxins. This study applied novel urinary multi-mycotoxin LC-MS/MS methods to determine multiple exposure biomarkers in the high oesophageal cancer region, Transkei, South Africa. Fifty-three female participants donated part of their maize-based evening meal and first void morning urine, which was analysed both with sample clean-up (single and multi-biomarker) and by a %26apos;dilute-and-shoot%26apos; multi-biomarker method. Results were corrected for recovery with LOD for not detected. A single biomarker method detected fumonisin B-1 (FB1) (87% incidence; mean standard deviation 0.342 +/- 0.466 ng/mg creatinine) and deoxynivalenol (100%; mean 20.4 +/- 49.4 ng/mg creat-inine) after hydrolysis with B-glucuronidase. The multi-biomarker %26apos;dilute-and-shoot%26apos; method indicated deoxynivalenol-15-glucuronide was predominantly present. A multi-biomarker method with beta-glucuronidase and immunoaffinity clean-up determined zearalenone (100%; 0.529 +/- 1.60 ng/mg creatinine), FBI (96%; 1.52 +/- 2.17 ng/mg creatinine), alpha-zearalenol (92%; 0.614 +/- 1.91 ng/mg creatinine), deoxynivalenol (87%; 11.3 +/- 27.1 ng/mg creatinine), beta-zearalenol (75%; 0.702 +/- 2.95 ng/mg creatinine) and ochratoxin A (98%; 0.041 +/- 0.086 ng/mg creatinine). These demonstrate the value of multi-biomarker methods in measuring exposures in populations exposed to multiple mycotoxins. This is the first finding of urinary deoxynivalenol, zearalenone, their conjugates, ochratoxin A and zearalenols in Transkei.

• 出版日期2013-12