科研之友
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摘要
Bared-nut (Juglans regia L) cultivars, in which the endocarp or the shell has poor development or less lignification, were characterized to determine endocarp development. The bared nut ("WEN138") and normal walnuts were sampled and tested. Fruit were sampled at several times from 50d to 92d, and three key secondary enzymes in lignin pathway were analyzed via testing the activities. The results showed that final lignin contents was lower in "WEN138" (23.2%) occurring on days of 92d than in the other cultivars (average 26.2%). The activities of phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) and peroxidase (POD) reaching the peak on 64 days after full blossom, were identified with "WEN185", "XINXIN2", and "ZHIPI", and in contrast, there were no clear peaks of POD and PAL activity in "WEN138". As the signals of secondary lignin metabolism, PAL expression were investigated and demonstrated the maximal PAL expression on 71 days in "WEN138", "XINXIN2", and "ZHIPI". However, the peak lightness of PAL expression in "WEN185" was on 85d. A proposed conclusion is that bared-walnut phenotype due to lignification does not effectively take place in bared nut. The economic potential of doing the same for stone fruit is to apply this marketing possibilities for cultivating thin shell cultivars of almonds and apricot, coupled with decreased production costs for intensive processing.
