A family cluster of three confirmed cases infected with avian influenza A (H7N9) virus in Zhejiang Province of China

作者：Ding Hua; Chen Yin; Yu Zhao; Horby Peter W; Wang Fenjuan; Hu Jingfeng; Yang Xuhui; Mao Haiyan; Qin Shuwen; Chai Chengliang; Liu Shelan; Chen Enfu^*; Yu Hongjie

来源：BMC Infectious Diseases, 2014, 14(1): 698.

DOI：10.1186/s12879-014-0698-6

• H7N9 subtype
• Family cluster
• Live bird market
• Death
• Epidemiological investigation

Background: A total of 453 laboratory-confirmed cases infected with avian influenza A (H7N9) virus (including 175 deaths) have been reported till October 2,2014, of which 30.68% (139/453) of the cases were identified from Zhejiang Province. We describe the largest reported cluster of virologically confirmed H7N9 cases, comprised by a fatal Index case and two mild secondary cases.
Methods: A retrospective investigation was conducted in January of 2014. Three confirmed cases, their close contacts, and relevant environments samples were tested by real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), viral culture, and sequencing. Serum samples were tested by haemagglutination inhibition (HI) assay.
Results: The Index case, a 49-year-old farmer with type II diabetes, who lived with his daughter (Case 2, aged 24) and wife (Case 3, aged 43) and his son in law (H7N9 negative). The Index case and Case 3 worked daily in a live bird market. Onset of illness in Index case occurred in January 13, 2014 and subsequently, he died of multi-organ failure on January 20. Case 2 presented with mild symptoms on January 20 following frequent unprotected bed-side care of the Index case between January 14 to 19, and exposed to live bird market on January 17. Case 3 became unwell on January 23 after providing bedside care to the Index case on January 17 to 18, and following the contact with Case 2 during January 21 to 22 at the funeral of the Index case. The two secondary cases were discharged on February 2 and 5 separately after early treatment with antiviral medication. Four virus strains were isolated and genome analyses showed 99.6 similar to 100% genetic homology, with two amino mutations (V192I in NS and V280A in NP). 42% (11/26) of environmental samples collected in January were H7N9 positive. Twenty-five close contacts remained well and were negative for H7N9 infection by RT-PCR and HI assay.
Conclusions: In the present study, the Index case was infected from a live bird market while the two secondary cases were infected by the Index case during unprotected exposure. This family cluster is, therefore, compatible with non-sustained person-to-person transmission of avian influenza A/H7N9.

• 出版日期2014-12-31
• 单位浙江省疾病预防控制中心; 中国疾病预防控制中心; 杭州市疾病预防控制中心