科研之友
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摘要
Experimental and theoretical work on the relaxation of rapidly rotating solutes in liquids have pointed out a number of striking features. Even in rapidly relaxing solvents, the relaxation proceeds quite slowly, exhibiting a manifestly nonlinear response that depends explicitly on the initial rotational energy. In this paper, we show how the long-time behavior, in particular, stems from a strong coupling of solute orientation to local solvent goeometry. This Coupling creates a rotational friction that decreases sharply with rotational energy, allowing for the protracted survival of not only high-angular-momentum rotational states but the cavity-like low-friction solvent geometries. We show, further, that the slow dynamics is dynamically heterogeneous. The distribution of excited rotors is marked by a distinct population of slowly relaxing hot rotational states. This Population can be traced directly to the small subset of liquid configurations that happen to have low rotational friction values at the instant at which the rapid rotation started, indicating an unusual failure of the normally chaotic environment of a liquid to randomize initial conditions.
- 出版日期2008-1-17
