科研之友
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摘要
Embolemidae (Hymenoptera: Chrysidoidea) are parasitoids of nymphs of planthoppers (Hemiptera: Auchenorrhyncha) (Olmi, 1996; Varrone and Olmi, 2012; Guglielmino and Buckle, 2013; Olmi et al., 2014). Two genera of extant Embolemidae are known: Embolemus Westwood, 1833, parasitoid of nymphs of Caiidae living in the soil and feeding on roots (Varrone and Olmi, 2012), and Ampulicomorpha Ashmead, 1893, parasitoid of nymphs of Achilidae living in rotten logs and feeding on hyphal sheets of shelf fungi (Bridwell, 1958; Wharton, 1989; Guglielmino and BUcIde, 2013). In addition, there are three fossil genera: Baissobius Rasnitsyn, 1975, and Embolemopsis Olmi, Rasnitsyn, and Guglielmino, 2010, known from compression fossils of Russian Far East and Mongolia (Rasnitsyn, 1975, 1996; Olmi et at, 2010); Cretembolemus Olmi, Rasnitsyn, Brothers, and Guglielmino, 2014, from Orapa kimberlitic deposits (Botswana) (01mi et al., 2014). The two above extant genera have females with very different wing types (micropterous or more rarely brachypterous in Embolemus, macropterous in Ampulicomorpha). In contrast, the macropterous males are very similar, so that Van Achterberg and Van Kats (2000) synonymized the two genera. The question of whether or not the genera are synonymous remains unresolved, mainly because they appear to be well separated biologically (01mi et al., 2014). To resolve this question molecular studies currently are being conducted by the authors. The species of Ampulicomorpha have been studied mainly by Olmi (1996, 1999b, 2006, 2010) and Olmi and Copeland (2011) in the Afrotropical region, Xu et al. (2012b) in the Oriental region and Olmi (1996) in the Australian region. In 2012 the authors examined additional specimens of Ampulicomorpha from Indonesia and Madagascar, and have found two new species described herein.
- 出版日期2014-4
