A computational model of teeth and the developmental origins of morphological variation

作者：Salazar Ciudad Isaac^*; Jernvall Jukka

来源：Nature, 2010, 464(7288): 583-U138.

DOI：10.1038/nature08838

The relationship between the genotype and the phenotype, or the genotype-phenotype map, is generally approached with the tools of multivariate quantitative genetics and morphometrics(1-4). Whereas studies of development(5-7) and mathematical models of development(4,8-12) may offer new insights into the genotype-phenotype map, the challenge is to make them useful at the level of microevolution. Here we report a computational model of mammalian tooth development that combines parameters of genetic and cellular interactions to produce a three-dimensional tooth from a simple tooth primordia. We systematically tinkered with each of the model parameters to generate phenotypic variation and used geometric morphometric analyses to identify, or developmentally ordinate, parameters best explaining population-level variation of real teeth. To model the full range of developmentally possible morphologies, we used a population sample of ringed seals (Phoca hispida ladogensis)(13). Seal dentitions show a high degree of variation, typically linked to the lack of exact occlusion(13-16). Our model suggests that despite the complexity of development and teeth, there may be a simple basis for dental variation. Changes in single parameters regulating signalling during cusp development may explain shape variation among individuals, whereas a parameter regulating epithelial growth may explain serial, tooth-to-tooth variation along the jaw. Our study provides a step towards integrating the genotype, development and the phenotype.

• 出版日期2010-3-25