Systematic review of preoperative physical activity and its impact on postcardiac surgical outcomes

作者：Kehler D Scott; Stammers Andrew N; Tangri Navdeep; Hiebert Brett; Fransoo Randy; Schultz Annette S H; Macdonald Kerry; Giacomontonio Nicholas; Hassan Ansar; Legare Jean Francois; Arora Rakesh C; Duhamel Todd A

来源：BMJ Open, 2017, 7(8): e015712.

DOI：10.1136/bmjopen-2016-015712

Objectives The objective of this systematic review was to study the impact of preoperative physical activity levels on adult cardiac surgical patients' postoperative: (1) major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCEs), (2) adverse events within 30 days, (3) hospital length of stay (HLOS), (4) intensive care unit length of stay (ICU LOS), (5) activities of daily living (ADLs), (6) quality of life, (7) cardiac rehabilitation attendance and (8) physical activity behaviour.
Methods A systematic search of MEDLINE, Embase, AgeLine and Cochrane library for cohort studies was conducted.
Results Eleven studies (n=5733 patients) met the inclusion criteria. Only self-reported physical activity tools were used. Few studies used multivariate analyses to compare active versus inactive patients prior to surgery. When comparing patients who were active versus inactive preoperatively, there were mixed findings for MACCE, 30 day adverse events, HLOS and ICU LOS. Of the studies that adjusted for confounding variables, five studies found a protective, independent association between physical activity and MACCE (n=1), 30-day postoperative events (n=2), HLOS (n=1) and ICU LOS (n=1), but two studies found no protective association for 30-day postoperative events (n=1) and postoperative ADLs (n=1). No studies investigated if activity status before surgery impacted quality of life or cardiac rehabilitation attendance postoperatively. Three studies found that active patients prior to surgery were more likely to be inactive postoperatively.
Conclusion Due to the mixed findings, the literature does not presently support that self-reported preoperative physical activity behaviour is associated with postoperative cardiac surgical outcomes. Future studies should objectively measure physical activity, clearly define outcomes and adjust for clinically relevant variables.

• 出版日期2017-8