Minimally invasive surfactant therapy with a gastric tube is as effective as the intubation, surfactant, and extubation technique in preterm babies

作者：Aguar Marta; Cernada Maria; Brugada Maria; Gimeno Ana; Gutierrez Antonio; Vento Maximo^*

来源：Acta Paediatrica, 2014, 103(6): E229-E233.

DOI：10.1111/apa.12611

• Intubation - surfactant - extubation
• Minimally invasive surfactant therapy
• Newborn
• Respiratory distress
• Surfactant

AimPreterm infants requiring surfactant replacement have been treated using the INSURE technique, which requires sedation and comprises tracheal intubation, surfactant instillation and extubation. However, minimally invasive surfactant therapy (MIST) does not require sedation, minimises airway injury and avoids placing positive pressure ventilation on an immature lung. This study compared the feasibility of the two techniques and the outcomes in preterm babies with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS).
MethodsPreterm infants with RDS prospectively received surfactant via a gastric tube placed in the trachea by direct laryngoscopy with no sedation. Technique-related complications and respiratory outcomes were analysed.
ResultsWe compared 44 patients who received MIST with a historic cohort of 31 patients who received INSURE. This showed no differences in the rate of intubation and mechanical ventilation in the first 72h, or secondary respiratory outcomes and relevant morbidities, between the babies who received INSURE and those who received MIST. More babies in the MIST group (35%) needed a second dose of surfactant than the INSURE group (6.5%) (p<0.0001).
ConclusionSurfactant administration using MIST, with no sedation, is feasible in preterm infants with RDS. No significant differences in secondary respiratory outcomes were found between the MIST and INSURE techniques.

• 出版日期2014-6