科研之友
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摘要
In China, the application rate of nitrogen in rapeseed is high, but the uptake and utilization efficiency is low, which may cause irreversible environmental pollution. Use of efficient nitrogen rate and to improve nitrogen recovery, transport and residues management is important for crop productivity and sustaining the environment. Therefore, a pot was conducted using two winter rapeseed cultivars of Huayouza No. 9 (HZ9) and Huashuang No. 5 (HS5) under two N levels (0.15-N-1 and 0.30-N-2 g N. kg(-1) soil). The N-15-uera was applied before sowing (basal) and at stems elongation stage (topdressing). The results indicated that N-15 recovery efficiency ((NRE)-N-15) of HS5 under N-1 increased by 5.89 percentage points compared to N-2, and the most obvious difference was observed in grain. However, no significant difference was observed in HZ9 between the two N levels. The N-15 transport efficiency ((NTE)-N-15) of the N1 treatment (37.62 similar to 37.70%) was much higher than that of the N-2 treatment, with the difference mainly observed in stem (4.33 similar to 5.03%). The 15NTE of basal was significantly higher than that of topdressing, with the difference mainly found in leaves (14.02 similar to 19.52%). The 15NRE under topdressing treatment (56.85 similar to 61.60%) increased 8.18 and 8.58 percentage points relative to that under basal treatment, with the main difference observed in grain and pericarp. Additionally, about 1.62% nitrogen from rapeseed season in two N levels was absorbed by the subsequent sesame crop, with its yield increased by 26.00 similar to 89.19% compared to the control. The average (NRE)-N-15 of sesame from basal and topdressing was 1.91% and 1.34%, with a yield increase of 16.22% and 59.50% over the control, respectively. The integrated data indicated that higher N recovery and transport efficiency can be achieved by adequacy reducing application rate and increasing the proportion of topdressing, and the residual soil nitrogen of rapeseed can be recovered to some extent by planting sesame.
