科研之友
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摘要
Introduction - Veterinary literature provided little information specifically to bovine adrenal gland pathology. Aim of this study was to investigate the pathologies observed in 212 adrenal glands collected at the slaughterhouse. %26lt;br%26gt;Materials and methods - A total of 212 gross specimens were submitted for histopathological examination. Samples were paraffin embedded, sectioned and stained with standard methods (Haematoxilin and eosin). Histochemical stains (PAS, Masson and Congo Red) were performed too on the glands with degenerative lesions. %26lt;br%26gt;Results - Foci of necrosis (51), extramedullary myelopoiesis (40), hemorrhages (35) and tumours (39) were the most prevalent lesions. Macroscopically necrotic areas appeared as whitish foci in the cortex. Histologically they were often multiple and localized in the zona fasciculata. Degenerative cells were surrounded by abundant amorphous extracellular matrix characterized by a granular or fibrillary appearance. All the affected adrenal glands showed a thickening of the capsule and atherosclerotic, PAS positive, arterial vessels. In the 45% of cases an association between necrosis and haemorrhages was observed. Foci of extramedullary myelopoiesis were detected in the 19% of cases. They appeared as whitish or reddih foci, single or multiple, generally located in the cortex, usually cone-shaped. Histologically these foci were characterized by the presence of megakaryocytes and granulocytes, particularly eosinophils, immature or mature. In some cases, in addition to megakaryocytes and granulocytes, erythroblasts and erythrocytes were detected especially to the edges of the foci. In 47 glands (22%) proliferative lesions were observed. They were classified as single or multiple focal hyperplasia (8 cases - 17%), primary tumors (35 cases 74%) or secondary tumors (4 cases - 8%). Among the primary tumors 19 involved the cortex and 16 the medulla. The tumors observed in the cortex, except for a cystic adenoma, showed different degree of malignancy and were considered as carcinomas. The observed medullary tumors were 9 pheo-chromocytomas and 7 neuroblastomas. Among the metastatic tumors they were three metastasis of epithelial line and one leucosis involving the adrenal gland too. Other lesions included melanosis, cortical steatosis, accessory glands and non suppurative flogosis. A good correlation between macroscopic findings detected by the veterinary inspector and histological features was observed. Only 10% of the examined adrenal glands lacked significant histological lesions. %26lt;br%26gt;Discussion and conclusion - The slaughterhouse is therefore an important epidemiological observatory for the detection of adrenal gland pathologies in cattle: a more extensive inspection of the gland would identify many lesions that would otherwise remain underestimated.
- 出版日期2012-10
