Anesthesia and perianaesthetic management in small animals suffering from kidney diseases

作者：Doerfelt R^*

来源：Wiener Tierarztliche Monatsschrift, 2011, 98(9-10): 203-212.

• anaesthesia
• chronic / acute kidney disease
• fluid therapy
• monitoring
• dog
• cat

Anesthesia and perianaesthetic management in small animals suffering from kidney diseases
Dogs and cats with acute or chronic kidney diseases frequently suffer from uraemia and related problems as severe electrolyte imbalances, anaemia and metabolic acidosis. These patients are at very high risk to decompensate during anaesthesia. To prevent further damage to the kidneys and in order to keep uraemia related deviations controlled, they require intensive management before, during and after general anaesthesia. These article describes pathophysiologic processes in the injured kidney and in the patient, suffering from renal insufficiency. The effects of uraemia on drug metabolism and excretion are reviewed as well as the effect of frequently used drugs on the kidneys. Additionally major monitoring procedures and analgesia concepts for anaesthetized uraemic dogs and cats are summarized.
In general uraemic patients should be evaluated and stabilized before anaesthesia. Drugs and protocols should be chosen adequately in order to prevent further kidney damage. Monitoring of blood pressure and guided fluid therapy is essential during anaesthesia in uraemic animals.

• 出版日期2011