Addition-Elimination or Nucleophilic Substitution? Understanding the Energy Profiles for the Reaction of Chalcogenolates with Dichalcogenides

作者：Bortoli Marco; Wolters Lando P; Orian Laura; Bickelhaupt F Matthias

来源：Journal of Chemical Theory and Computation, 2016, 12(6): 2752-2761.

DOI：10.1021/acs.jctc.6b00253

We have quantum chemically explored the mechanism of the substitution reaction between CH3X- and the homo- and heterodichalcogenides CH3X'X '' CH3 (X, X', X '' = S, Se, Te) using relativistic density functional theory at ZORA-OLYP/TZ2P and COSMO for simulating the effect of aqueous solvation. In the gas phase, all substitution reactions proceed via a triple-well additionelimination mechanism that involves a stable three-center intermediate. Aqueous solvation, in some cases, switches the character of the mechanism to double-well S(N)2 in which the stable three-center intermediate has become a labile transition state. We rationalize reactivity trends and some puzzling aspects of these elementary reactions, in particular, vanishing activation energies and ghost three-center intermediates, using the activation strain model (ASM).

• 出版日期2016-6