A new model-based digital halftoning and data hiding designed with LMS optimization

作者：Guo Jing Ming^*

来源：IEEE Transactions on Multimedia, 2007, 9(4): 687-700.

DOI：10.1109/TMM.2007.895678

• data hiding
• dot-diffusion
• dot-gain
• error diffusion
• halftone
• least-squares
• ordered dither
• printer model
• watermarking

This work employs the well known least-mean-square (LMS) method to design an adaptive filter to produce high-quality halftone images. The filter can be regarded as a transformation medium between original gray level images and corresponding halftone images. Experimental results indicate that the proposed LMS-designed halftoning offers the extra benefit of edge enhancement. Since a halftone image is typically used in printing, a modified printer model, which can coordinate with the proposed LMS-designed halftoning, is proposed to eliminate the harm caused by the dot-gain effect in printing. Moreover, two data hiding applications, the Direct Embedding LMS-designed Halftone technique (DELDH) and the Information Sharing LMS-Designed Halftone technique (ISLDH), are proposed to demonstrate the performance of the proposed LMS-designed halftoning. The experimental results show that, both techniques can be used with the proposed modified printer model to achieve excellent image quality and decoded visual patterns.

• 出版日期2007-6