A dated molecular phylogeny of manta and devil rays (Mobulidae) based on mitogenome and nuclear sequences

作者：Poortvliet Marloes^*; Olsen Jeanine L; Croll Donald A; Bernardi Giacomo; Newton Kelly; Kollias Spyros; O'Sullivan John; Fernando Daniel; Stevens Guy; Magana Felipe Galvan; Seret Bernard; Wintner Sabine; Hoarau Galice

来源：Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 2015, 83: 72-85.

DOI：10.1016/j.ympev.2014.10.012

• Mitogenome
• Phylogenetics
• Molecular clock
• Divergence times
• Manta
• Mobula

Manta and devil rays are an iconic group of globally distributed pelagic filter feeders, yet their evolutionary history remains enigmatic. We employed next generation sequencing of mitogenomes for nine of the II recognized species and two outgroups; as well as additional Sanger sequencing of two mitochondria] and two nuclear genes in an extended taxon sampling set. Analysis of the mitogenome coding regions in a Maximum Likelihood and Bayesian framework provided a well-resolved phylogeny. The deepest divergences distinguished three clades with high support, one containing Manta birostris, Manta alfredi, Mobuki tarapacana, Mobula japanica and Mobula mobular; one containing Mobula kuhlii, Mobula eregoodootenkee and Mobula thurstoni; and one containing Mobula munkiana, Mobula hypostoma and Mobula rochebrunei. Mobula remains paraphyletic with the inclusion of Manta, a result that is in agreement with previous studies based on molecular and morphological data. A fossil-calibrated Bayesian random local clock analysis suggests that mobulids diverged from Rhinoptera around 30 Mya. Subsequent divergences are characterized by long internodes followed by short bursts of speciation extending from an initial episode of divergence in the Early and Middle Miocene (19-17 Mya) to a second episode during the Pliocene and Pleistocene (3.6 Mya - recent). Estimates of divergence dates overlap significantly with periods of global warming, during which upwelling intensity - and related high primary productivity in upwelling regions decreased markedly. These periods are hypothesized to have led to fragmentation and isolation of feeding regions leading to possible regional extinctions, as well as the promotion of allopatric speciation. The closely shared evolutionary history of mobulids in combination with ongoing threats from fisheries and climate change effects on upwelling and food supply, reinforces the case for greater protection of this charismatic family of pelagic filter feeders.

• 出版日期2015-2