Amino Acid Composition Determines Peptide Activity Spectrum and Hot-Spot-Based Design of Merecidin

作者：Wang, Xiuqing; Mishra, Biswajit; Lushnikova, Tamara; Narayana, Jayaram Lakshmaiah; Wang, Guangshun^*

来源：Advanced Biosystems, 2018, 2(5): 1700259.

DOI：10.1002/adbi.201700259

• antimicrobial peptides
• cathelicidin
• hydrophobic content
• peptide design

There is a great interest in developing the only human cathelicidin into therapeutic molecules. The major antimicrobial region of human LL-37 corresponds to residues 17-32. The resultant peptide GF-17 shows a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. By reducing the hydrophobic content, converting the broad-spectrum GF-17 to two narrow-spectrum peptides (GF-17d3 and KR-12) with activity against Gram-negative bacteria is successful. This study demonstrates that substitution of multiple basic amino acids by hydrophobic alanines makes a broad-spectrum peptide 17BIPHE2 (designed based on GF-17d3) active against Staphylococcal pathogens but not other bacteria tested. Taken together, the results reveal distinct charge and hydrophobic requirements for peptides to kill Gram-positive or Gram-negative bacteria. This finding is in line with the bioinformatics analysis of the peptides in the Antimicrobial Peptide Database (http://aps.unmc.edu/AP). In addition, a hot-spot arginine is identified and used to design merecidin with reduced toxicity to human cells. Merecidin protects wax moth larvae (Galleria mellonella) from the infection of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus USA300. These new selective peptides constitute interesting candidates for future development.

• 出版日期2018-5
• 单位宁夏医科大学