Structural Features and Transcriptional Activity of Chicken PPARs (alpha, beta, and gamma)

作者：Takada Ichiro^*; Kobayashi Mime

来源：PPAR Research, 2013, 2013: 186312.

DOI：10.1155/2013/186312

While an understanding of lipid metabolism in chickens is critical for a further improvement of food production, there are few studies concerning differences in lipid metabolism mechanisms between chickens and other species at a molecular level. Chickens have three PPAR gene subtypes (alpha, beta, and gamma) that function differently from those present in humans and mice. The chicken PPARgamma (cPPAR gamma) gene is shorter than that in humans and lacks a gamma 2 isoform. Moreover, in serum-free media, cPPAR gamma shows high transcriptional activity without exogenous ligands. Luciferase reporter assays were used to examine the effect of sera on cPPAR transcriptional activities and showed that adult bovine serum and chicken serum highly activate cPPAR alpha and beta functions. Moreover, we found that bezafibrate induces the transactivation function of cPPAR beta, but not human PPAR delta (human PPAR beta ortholog). This ligand selectivity relies on one amino acid residue (chicken: Val419, human: Met444). These results show the possibilities for unique functions of cPPARs on chicken-specific lipid glucose metabolism. As such, a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms of lipid metabolism in chickens could result in higher productivity for the poultry industry.

• 出版日期2013