Assessment of nicotine dependence among adolescent and young adult smokers: A comparison of measures

作者：Carpenter Matthew J^*; Baker Nathaniel L; Gray Kevin M; Upadhyaya Himanshu P

来源：Addictive Behaviors, 2010, 35(11): 977-982.

DOI：10.1016/j.addbeh.2010.06.013

• Dependence
• Assessment
• Nicotine
• Tobacco
• Smoking
• Adolescent

Introduction: Tobacco use often starts in adolescence, yet assessment of dependence among adolescent smokers remains a challenge, particularly given the potential discord between self-reports of smoking behavior and actual use. We could find no prior study, among adolescents, that directly compares the association between objective biomarkers of tobacco exposure (e.g., cotinine) and multiple measures of dependence. This study examined the concurrent validity of two common dependence measures: the Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND) and the Hooked on Nicotine Checklist (HONC). We further examined the FIND by removing the one item on cigarettes smoked per day.
Methods: Based within a parent clinical trial for adolescent smoking cessation, eligible participants were 12-21 years old, smoking >= 5 cigarettes per day on average, and with urine cotinine >100 ng/ml at baseline.
Results are based on participants who completed each measure and who provided a urine cotinine sample at baseline (N=73). Results: Results showed that the FTND was associated with cotinine (p<0.001; R(2)=0.25), and that this relationship held true for the revised FIND as well (p<0.001; R(2)=0.18). However, the HONC was only marginally associated with cotinine (p=0.06; R(2)=0.09).
Discussion: Our results suggest that the FUND may be better associated with actual smoking behavior in adolescents as compared to the HONC. Pending replication, our data provide caution with regard to assessment of nicotine dependence at least among established adolescent smokers who have more entrenched smoking behavior.

• 出版日期2010-11