Development and validation of a short-form Pain Medication Attitudes Questionnaire (PMAQ-14)

作者：Elander James^*; Said Omimah; Maratos Frances A; Dys Ada; Collins Hannah; Schofield Malcolm B

来源：Pain, 2017, 158(3): 400-407.

DOI：10.1097/j.pain.0000000000000773

• Pain medication
• Analgesics
• Attitudes
• Beliefs
• Concerns
• Brief scales
• Validation

Attitudes to pain medication are important aspects of adjustment to chronic pain. They are measured by the 47-item Pain Medication Attitudes Questionnaire (PMAQ). To measure those attitudes more quickly and easily, we developed and evaluated a 14-item PMAQ using data from 3 separate surveys of people with pain in the general population. In survey 1, participants (n = 295) completed the 47-item PMAQ and measures of pain, analgesic use, analgesic dependence, and attitudes to self-medication. For each of the 7 PMAQ scales, the 2 items that best preserved the content of the full parent scales were identified using correlation and regression. The 2-item and full parent scales had very similar relationships with other measures, indicating that validity had been maintained. The resulting 14-itemPMAQwas then completed by participants in survey 2(n = 241) and survey 3(n = 147), along with the same other measures as in survey 1. Confirmatory factor analysis showed that the 14-item PMAQ retained the 7-factor structure of the 47-item version, and correlations with other measures showed that it retained the validity of the 47-item version. The PMAQ scale Need was the most significant independent predictor of analgesic dependence in each of 4 separate multiple regression analyses. This short form of the PMAQ allows attitudes to pain medications to be measured in a valid and more efficient way.

• 出版日期2017-3