Apolipoprotein C-II: New findings related to genetics, biochemistry, and role in triglyceride metabolism

作者：Wolska Anna^*; Dunbar Richard L; Freeman Lita A; Ueda Masako; Amar Marcelo J; Sviridov Denis O; Remaley Alan T

来源：Atherosclerosis, 2017, 267: 49-60.

DOI：10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2017.10.025

• ApoC-II
• ApoC-II deficiency
• ApoC-II mutations
• Triglyceride-rich lipoproteins
• Triglycerides
• Hypertriglyceridemia
• Lipoprotein lipase

Apolipoprotein C-II (apoC-II) is a small exchangeable apolipoprotein found on triglyceride-rich lipoproteins (TRL), such as chylomicrons (CM) and very low-density lipoproteins (VLDL), and on high-density lipoproteins (HDL), particularly during fasting. ApoC-II plays a critical role in TRL metabolism by acting as a cofactor of lipoprotein lipase (LPL), the main enzyme that hydrolyses plasma triglycerides (TG) on TRL. Here, we present an overview of the role of apoC-II in TG metabolism, emphasizing recent novel findings regarding its transcriptional regulation and biochemistry. We also review the 24 genetic mutations in the APOC2 gene reported to date that cause hypertriglyceridemia (HTG). Finally, we describe the clinical presentation of apoC-II deficiency and assess the current therapeutic approaches, as well as potential novel emerging therapies. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd.

• 出版日期2017-12
• 单位NIH