Acute pancreatitis: A literature review

作者：Jha Rajiv K; Ma Qingyong^*; Sha Huanchen; Palikhe Muna

来源：Medical Science Monitor, 2009, 15(7): RA147-RA156.

• acute pancreatitis
• clinical features
• diagnosis
• prognosis
• treatment
• complications
• literature review

Acute pancreatitis (AP) is an inflammatory disease characterized by stead, acute abdominal pain of varying severity, often radiating from the epigastrium to the back. Its presentation ranges from a self-limiting mild disorder to a more severe and fulminant disease. Severe acute pancreatitis accounts for 30% of all deaths related to pancreatitis. The incidence of AP is increasing progressively with a corresponding increase in the incidence of its risk factors. Alchol abuse and gallstone migration are the established risk factors for development of AP. In recent years, genetic factors and obesity have also been identified as risk factors responsible for the development of AP. The pathophysiology of AP involves acute inflammation of the acinar cells. Excessive acinar cell injury leads to a condition called systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS). Protracted SIRS is responsible for most of the life-threatening complication associated with AP. Most common AP-related complications include pulmonary, reneal, cardiovascular, and central nervous system dysfunction. Thus prompt and accurate diagnosis of AP is a paramount importance. The medical management of AP included controlling pain, providing adequate nutritional support, and monitoring complications. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography and surgery have also shown to reduce the mortality and morbidity associated with AP. Drugs such as resveratrol and rosiglitazone are being investigated as potential candidates for the treatment of AP.

• 出版日期2009-7
• 单位西安交通大学