科研之友
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摘要
Objective: Hyperkalaemia is a potentially lethal electrolyte disorder. The objective of this study was to determine if the causes of hyperkalaemia-related visits to the emergency department (ED) have changed since 25 years. Methods: All patients presenting to the ED with hyperkalaemia between January 2009 and August 2011 were included in this retrospective, single-centre study. Patients were divided into one of these three categories: mild (5.2 <= K+ <5.8 mEq/l), moderate (5.8 <= K+ <7.0 mEq/l) or severe hyperkalaemia (K+ >= 7.0 mEq/l). The causes of hyperkalaemia were divided into three groups: renal failure (RF), potassium-increasing drugs (PIDs) or others. Results: Overall, 139 patients with hyperkalaemia were included in the study (mean K+ of 6.2 mEq/l): 35% with mild, 49% with moderate and 16% with severe hyperkalaemia. Eighty-three per cent of patients (n=115) had RF with creatinine levels >= 1.25 mg/dl or estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) levels <= 60 ml/min/1.73 m(2). Serum potassium levels were significantly related with creatinine and eGFR values (P<0.001). The severity of hyperkalaemia was significantly related with creatinine levels >= 1.25 mg/dl (P=0.002) and eGFR values <= 60 ml/min/1.73 m(2) (P=0.005). Seventy-five per cent of patients (n=105) were taking PIDs. Potassium levels were significantly related with PIDs (P<.001), in particularly spironolactone (P=0.001) and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (P=0.008). The category 'others' included 7% of patients (n=10). Conclusions: RF (83%) and PIDs (75%) remain common causes of hyperkalaemia. Hyperkalaemia is significantly related with four variables: creatinine levels, spironolactone, ACEIs and beta-blocker intake. The causes of hyperkalaemia have not changed in recent years.
- 出版日期2014-8
