A Module on Death and Dying to Develop Empathy in Student Pharmacists

作者：Manolakis Michael L^*; Olin Jacqueline L; Thornton Phillip L; Dolder Christian R; Hanrahan Conor

来源：American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education, 2011, 75(4): 71.

DOI：10.5688/ajpe75471

• empathy
• death
• dying
• end-of-life care

Objective. To implement an integrated module on death and dying into a 15-week bioethics course and determine whether it increased student pharmacists' empathy.
Design. Students participated in a 5-week death and dying module that included presentation of the film Wit, an interactive lecture on hospice, and a lecture on the ethics of pain management.
Assessment. Fifty-six students completed the 30-item Balanced Emotional Empathy Scale (BEES) before and after completing the module and wrote a reflective essay. Students demonstrated an appreciation of patient-specific values in their essay. Quantitative data collected via BEES scores demonstrated significant improvement in measured empathy.
Conclusion. A 5-week instructional model on death and dying significantly increased student empathy.

• 出版日期2011