Adverse Drug Reaction in Children: A Review of Management

作者：K A Oshikoya; O F Njokanma

来源：International Journal of Pharmacology, 2007.

• Adverse drug reactions
• children
• manifestation
• evaluation
• prevention
• therapy

With a better understanding of the profiles of the adverse effects of different drugs taken by a patient, prompt recognition and reporting will go a long way in minimizing the incidence of Adverse Drug Reactions (ADRs). A high index of suspicion is required as ADRs may sometimes mimic some diseases. Any organ system may be affected; the most commonly affected organ systems are the skin and appendages, manifesting mostly as morbilliform eruptions. Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis are the most severe dermatologic manifestations of ADRs. Good drug history is an essential part of any clinical assessment and it is very important to ask about prescription and non-prescription drugs. The non-prescription drugs should include illicit drugs (in adolescent children), herbal and homeopathic medicines. Laboratory diagnostic tests play no significant role in the diagnosis of ADRs and when required is guided by the suspected pathologic mechanism. Primary preventions of ADRs is the preferred option; there are however therapeutic approaches to established cases. Even though genetics have been known for so long to be involved in the development of ADRs, there is, as yet, no reliable means of predicting the occurrence of ADRs in susceptible children. Not until there is a breakthrough in this area, children will continue to suffer this major problem of drug therapy.

• 出版日期2007