Abnormal glycemic homeostasis at the onset of serious mental illnesses: A common pathway

作者：Garcia Rizo Clemente^*; Kirkpatrick Brian; Fernandez Egea Emilio; Oliveira Cristina; Bernardo Miguel

来源：Psychoneuroendocrinology, 2016, 67: 70-75.

DOI：10.1016/j.psyneuen.2016.02.001

• Schizophrenia
• Major depressive disorder
• Bipolar disorder
• Type 2 diabetes mellitus
• Mortality
• Thrifty psychiatric phenotype

Objective: Patients with serious mental illnesses exhibit a reduced lifespan compared with the general population, a finding that can not solely rely on high suicide risk, low access to medical care and unhealthy lifestyle. The main causes of death are medical related pathologies such as type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease; however pharmacological treatment might play a role.
Material and methods: We compared a two hour glucose load in naive patients at the onset of a serious mental illness (N = 102) (84 patients with a first episode of schizophrenia and related disorders, 6 with a first episode of bipolar I disorder and 12 with a first episode of major depression disorder) with another psychiatric diagnose, adjustment disorder (N = 17) and matched controls (N = 98).
Results: Young patients with serious mental illness showed an increased two hour glucose load compared with adjustment disorder and the control group. Mean two hour glucose values [standard deviation] were: for schizophrenia and related disorders 106.51 mg/dL [+/- 32.0], for bipolar disorder 118.33 mg/dL [+/- 34.3], for major depressive disorder 107.42 mg/dL[+/- 34.5], for adjustment disorder 79.06 mg/dL[+/- 24.4] and for the control group 82.11 mg/dL [+/- 23.3] (p < 0.001).
Conclusions: Our results reflect an abnormal metabolic pathway at the onset of the disease before any pharmacological treatment or other confounding factors might have taken place. Our results suggest a similar glycemic pathway in serious mental illnesses and the subsequent need of primary and secondary prevention strategies.

• 出版日期2016-5