Upper Extremity Problem-Solving Challenging Cases

作者：Mayer Nathaniel H^*

来源：Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinics of North America, 2018, 29(3): 593-+.

DOI：10.1016/j.pmr.2018.04.003

• Upper motor neuron syndrome (UMNS)
• Associated reactions
• Rheologic properties
• Spastic cocontraction
• UMNS weakness
• Dynamic EMG
• Muscle selection for chemodenervation

Consequences of an upper motor neuron syndrome (UMNS) include voluntary weakness or paresis, superimposed involuntary phenomena such as spastic cocontraction and associated reactions, and superimposed rheologic changes in affected muscles. This article describes the use of dynamic polyelectromyography to assess UMNS muscle overactivity and inform muscle selection for chemodenervation. Cases that involve spastic cocontraction, spastic dystonia, associated reactions, hyperextended wrist and finger flexor tenodesis, differentiating neural versus nonneural (rheologic) hypertonia, upper motor neuron weakness, muscle selection for chemodenervation, and electrical stimulation for muscle specific targeting are presented.

• 出版日期2018-8