Neuroinflamrnation and brain functional disconnection in Alzheimer's disease

作者：Baglio Francesca^*; Saresella Marina; Preti Maria Giulia; Cabinio Monia; Griffanti Ludovica; Marventano Ivana; Piancone Federica; Calabrese Elena; Nemni Raffaello; Clerici Mario

来源：Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience, 2013, 5: 81.

DOI：10.3389/fnagi.2013.00081

• Alzheimer's disease
• mild cognitive impairment
• magnetic resonance imaging
• diffusion tensor imaging
• immunology
• neuroinflammation

Neuroinflammation and brain functional disconnection result from beta-amyloid (AO accumulation and play fundamental roles in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). We investigated possible correlations between these two AD-associated phenomena using DTI-based tractography and immunologic analyses in people with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (a MCI) and AD. DTI-Analyses focused on corpus callosum (CC). We found that frontal CC regions were preserved with respect to the posterior ones in a MCI; in these individuals significant correlations were seen between DTI-derived metrics in frontal-parietal CC areas and A beta(42)-stimulated BDNF-producing CD4+T lymphocytes and PD151-expressing CD14+ cells. These associations were lost in AD where DTI data involving the same CC areas correlated instead with A beta(42)-stimulated interleukin (IL)-21 producing CD4+ T lymphocytes. Higher susceptibility to PDL-1-mediated apoptosis of A beta(42)-specific lymphocytes and BDNF-associated survival of existing neurons could contribute to the relative CC structure preservation seen in aMCI. These potentially protective mechanisms are lost in frank AD, when severe alterations in the CC are mirrored in peripheral blood by proinflammatory cytokines-producing T cells. Monitoring of immune cells in peripheral blood could have a prognostic value in AD.

• 出版日期2013-11-25