Micro-scale fusion in dense relativistic nanowire array plasmas

作者：Curtis Alden; Calvi Chase; Tinsley James; Hollinger Reed; Kaymak Vural; Pukhov Alexander; Wang Shoujun; Rockwood Alex; Wang Yong; Shlyaptsev Vyacheslav N; Rocca Jorge J^*

来源：Nature Communications, 2018, 9(1): 1077.

DOI：10.1038/s41467-018-03445-z

Nuclear fusion is regularly created in spherical plasma compressions driven by multi-kilojoule pulses from the world's largest lasers. Here we demonstrate a dense fusion environment created by irradiating arrays of deuterated nanostructures with joule-level pulses from a compact ultrafast laser. The irradiation of ordered deuterated polyethylene nanowires arrays with femtosecond pulses of relativistic intensity creates ultra-high energy density plasmas in which deuterons (D) are accelerated up to MeV energies, efficiently driving D-D fusion reactions and ultrafast neutron bursts. We measure up to 2 x 10(6) fusion neutrons per joule, an increase of about 500 times with respect to flat solid targets, a record yield for joule-level lasers. Moreover, in accordance with simulation predictions, we observe a rapid increase in neutron yield with laser pulse energy. The results will impact nuclear science and high energy density research and can lead to bright ultrafast quasi-monoenergetic neutron point sources for imaging and materials studies.

• 出版日期2018-3-14