A real-time algorithm for the determination of R744 systems optimal high pressure

作者：Cecchinato Luca^*; Corradi Marco; Cosi Giovanni; Minetto Silvia; Rampazzo Mirco

来源：International Journal of Refrigeration, 2012, 35(4): 817-826.

DOI：10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2012.01.005

• CO2
• Transcritical cycle
• Optimisation
• Heat pump
• Artificial neural network (ANN)
• Particle swarm optimisation (PSO)

In this paper the optimal energy efficiency and high pressure problem in single stage transcritical carbon dioxide vapour compression units is addressed. A real-time model-based optimisation algorithm for the optimal (or quasi-optimal, close to the optimal) pressure determination is developed as a more efficient and robust solution than literature approximated ones. The problem is solved by a model estimating the system performance and by measuring its boundary conditions. The model is obtained by an on-line artificial neural network identification technique and the optimisation problem is worked out by a particle swarm technique. The proposed algorithm is dynamically tested by simulation, considering the performance of a supply water temperature controlled carbon dioxide heat pump. It appears to successfully approximate the optimal cycle discharge pressure showing an average daily pressure deviation of 0.9 x 10(5) Pa over a two years simulation period, corresponding to 1.1% increase in the cumulated energy consumption, compared to the optimal pressure solution.

• 出版日期2012-6