Systematic review and meta-analysis of the risk factors for sudden sensorineural hearing loss in adults

作者：Lin Rui Jun; Krall Randall; Westerberg Brian D; Chadha Neil K; Chau Justin K^*

来源：Laryngoscope, 2012, 122(3): 624-635.

DOI：10.1002/lary.22480

• Sudden hearing loss
• sudden sensorineural hearing loss
• risk factors
• systematic review
• meta-analysis

Objectives/Hypothesis: To review the medical literature evidence of potential risk factors for sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) in the adult general population. %26lt;br%26gt;Study Design: Systematic review of prospective and retrospective studies; meta-analysis of case-controlled studies. %26lt;br%26gt;Methods: Three researchers independently reviewed MEDLINE (January 1, 1950-November 30, 2010), Embase (January 1, 1980-November 30, 2010), and Evidence-Based Medicine Reviews databases in addition to conducting a manual reference search. Randomized controlled trials, prospective cohort studies, consecutive/nonconsecutive case series, and retrospective reviews in which a clear definition of SSNHL was stated were included in the study. Researchers individually extracted data regarding patient information and the presumed risk factors. Discrepancies were resolved by mutual consensus. %26lt;br%26gt;Results: Twenty-two articles met the inclusion criteria. Cardiovascular risk factors (smoking, increased alcohol consumption) appeared to be associated with a higher risk of developing SSNHL. A low level of serum folate may also be implicated as a risk factor. Factor V Leiden and MTHFR gene polymorphisms were found to occur more frequently in patients with SSNHL in several studies, suggesting these inherited prothrombophilic mutations could be independent risk factors of SSNHL. %26lt;br%26gt;Conclusions: Acquired and inherited cardiovascular risk factors appeared to be associated with an increased risk of developing SSNHL.

• 出版日期2012-3