A Novel Experimental Dental Implant Permits Quantitative Grading of Surface-Property Effects on Osseointegration

作者：Hunziker, Ernst B.^*; Spiegl-Habegger, Michael; Rudolf, Stefanie; Liu, Yuelian; Gu, Zhiyuan; Lippuner, Kurt; Shintani, Nahoko; Enggist, Lukas

来源：International Journal of Oral & Maxillofacial Implants, 2018, 33(5): 967-978.

DOI：10.11607/jomi.6348

• animal experiments
• bioactive surface
• experimental implant
• osseointegration
• quantification
• surface chemistry

Purpose: To test the hypothesis if a novel single-chamber experimental dental implant allows in vivo the quantitative assessment of osseointegration over time and as a function of different surface properties (physical, chemical, geometric, biologic [osteoconductive or osteoinductive]) in a biologically unfavorable environment (local osteoporosis). Materials and Methods: Three prototypes of a novel experimental implant with different chamber sizes (small, medium, and large) were compared with each other to find out the minimum size of bone chambers needed to allow a discriminative quantification of osseointegration over time. For the comparison of low and high surface osteoconductivity properties, conventional sandblasted, acid-etched chamber surfaces (low surface osteoconductivity) were compared with biomimetically (calcium phosphate) coated ones (high surface osteoconductivity). The implants (4 implants per animal; 88 implants per time point) were inserted into the edentulous maxillae of a total of 66 adult goats with a physiologically osteoporotic masticatory apparatus. Two, 4, and 8 weeks later, they were excised and prepared for a histomorphometric analysis of the volume of neoformed bone within the chamber space and of the bone-to-implant contact (BIC) area. Results: The implants with small chambers did not show significant differences in bone coverage (BIC) nor bone volume (relative and absolute volume), neither as a function of time nor as of implant surface property (low versus high surface osteoconductivity). However, medium and large chambers revealed significant differences respecting both of these parameters over the 8-week postoperative time period. Conclusion: The new implant model permits a discriminative quantification of osseointegration in vivo in an osteoporotic bone environment for implants with medium-sized and large-sized chambers. Quantitative assessment of osseointegration is possible, both over time and as a function of low and high surface osteoconductivity properties.

• 出版日期2018-10
• 单位浙江中医药大学