科研之友
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摘要
The availability of intense secondary beams in conjunction with modern efficient detection setups allows for the production and detailed study of the most extreme nuclear systems, in terms of asymmetry of proton and neutron number, in the continuum. The extraction of even fundamental quantities like masses together with other spectroscopic information is challenging, as their determination requires disentangling the production process from structures appearing in the extracted spectra due to the final state interaction of the unbound system in the continuum that is to be described. Beta-unstable nuclei that are produced close to the drip-lines, can be used as starting point for reaching out even more into the unknown by producing unbound exotic nuclear systems e.g., in transfer and knockout reactions. Already these represent open quantum systems where properties are hard to predict by nuclear structure theory as they are strongly affected by their nearby lying continuum states. Experiments allow to measure the momenta of the reaction products and the energy of the gamma radiation emerging from the reaction zone. Information on momenta and correlations are gathered, which appear e.g., in the measured momentum vectors, relative energy spectra, the spin alignment during the reaction process, and can be further distinguished by observing dependent quantities like the profile function, denoting a momentum width as function of relative energy. In order to relate them to intrinsic properties of the unbound systems, properties of the seed nuclei are to be studied and related to the observations in the continuum. In this paper examples for the above-mentioned methods are presented. The quest for masses of their ground states is exemplified for light systems like H-5,H-7, He7-10, Li10-13, and the most neutron-rich Oxygen systems.
- 出版日期2013-9-1
