摘要

For C-1 diffeomorphisms of three dimensional closed manifolds, we provide a geometric model of mixing Lyapunov exponents inside a homoclinic class of a periodic saddle p with non-real eigenvalues. Suppose p has stable index two and the sum of the largest two Lyapunov exponents is greater than log( 1 - delta), then delta-weak contracting eigenvalues are obtained by an arbitrarily small C-1 perturbation. Using this result, we give a sufficient condition for stabilizing a homoclinic tangency within a given C-1 perturbation range.

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