Mechanisms of beta cell failure in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes

作者：Accili Domenico^*

来源：Drug Development Research, 2008, 69(3): 111-115.

DOI：10.1002/ddr.20234

• diabetes
• insulin
• cell biology
• secretion
• apoptosis

P cell failure plays a key role in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes. It consists of impaired insulin secretion and decreased beta cell mass. Recent insight into the pathogenesis of diabetes-associated P cell failure has shown that (1) beta cell compensation to insulin resistance occurs primarily via increased beta cell replication; (2) commonly employed diabetes treatments are associated with a seemingly irreversible loss of beta cell function; and (3) most diabetes-associated genes identified in recent genome-wide association studies appear to regulate beta cell mass and/or function, as opposed to insulin action. Experimental studies in animal models have contributed to establishing the idea that pancreatic beta cells are insulin target tissue," in which insulin signaling links insulin secretion with cellular proliferation and survival. it is possible that beta cell failure represents but another aspect of insulin resistance. Prevention of beta cell dysfunction is a critical goal of diabetes therapy, and it will require the identification of "druggable" cellular pathways that can be enlisted in the clinic to achieve durability of treatment.

• 出版日期2008-5