Macroscopic quantum tunneling escape of Bose-Einstein condensates

作者：Zhao, Xinxin^*; Alcala, Diego A.; McLain, Marie A.; Maeda, Kenji; Potnis, Shreyas; Ramos, Ramon; Steinberg, Aephraim M.; Carr, Lincoln D.

来源：Physical Review A, 2017, 96(6): 063601.

DOI：10.1103/PhysRevA.96.063601

• INCOHERENT SPATIAL SOLITONS
• COHERENT
• OSCILLATIONS
• DYNAMICS
• SYSTEMS
• MODEL
• ENTANGLEMENT
• TRANSITION
• STATES
• BEAMS

Recent experiments on macroscopic quantum tunneling reveal a nonexponential decay of the number of atoms trapped in a quasibound state behind a potential barrier. Through both experiment and theory, we demonstrate this nonexponential decay results from interactions between atoms. Quantum tunneling of tens of thousands of Rb-87 atoms in a Bose-Einstein condensate is modeled by a modified Jeffreys-Wentzel-Kramers-Brillouin model, taking into account the effective time-dependent barrier induced by the mean field. Three-dimensional Gross-Pitaevskii simulations corroborate a mean-field result when compared with experiments. However, with one-dimensional modeling using time-evolving block decimation, we present an effective renormalized mean-field theory that suggests many-body dynamics for which a bare mean-field theory may not apply.

• 出版日期2017-12-1
• 单位北京大学