Absence of hepatitis delta infection in a large rural HIV cohort in Tanzania

作者：Winter Annja; Letang Emilio; Kalinjuma Aneth Vedastus; Kimera Namvua; Ntamatungiro Alex; Glass Tracy; Moradpour Darius; Sahli Roland; Le Gal Frederic; Furrer Hansjakob; Wandeler Gilles^*

来源：International Journal of Infectious Diseases, 2016, 46: 8-10.

DOI：10.1016/j.ijid.2016.03.011

• Hepatitis delta
• HIV
• Tanzania
• False-positive serology
• Sub-Saharan Africa

Objectives: The epidemiological and clinical determinants of hepatitis delta virus (HDV) infection in Sub-Saharan Africa are ill-defined. The prevalence of HDV infection was determined in HIV/hepatitis B virus (HBV) co-infected individuals in rural Tanzania.
Methods: All HBV-infected adults under active follow-up in the Kilombero and Ulanga Antiretroviral Cohort (KIULARCO) were screened for anti-HDV antibodies. For positive samples, a second serological test and nucleic acid amplification were performed. Demographic and clinical characteristics at initiation of antiretroviral therapy (ART) were compared between anti-HDV-negative and -positive patients.
Results: Among 222 HIV/HBV co-infected patients on ART, 219 (98.6%) had a stored serum sample available and were included in the study. Median age was 37 years, 55% were female, 46% had World Health Organization stage III/IV HIV disease, and the median CD4 count was 179 cells/ml. The prevalence of anti-HDV positivity was 5.0% (95% confidence interval 2.8-8.9%). There was no significant predictor of anti-HDV positivity. HDV could not be amplified in any of the anti-HDV-positive patients and the second serological test was negative in all of them.
Conclusions: No confirmed case of HDV infection was found among over 200 HIV/HBV co-infected patients in Tanzania. As false-positive serology results are common, screening results should be confirmed with a second test. (C) 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of International Society for Infectious Diseases. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/bync-nd/4.0/).

• 出版日期2016-5