科研之友
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摘要
In quantum theory we refer to the probability of finding a particle between positions x and x + dx at the instant t, although we have no capacity of predicting exactly when the detection occurs. In this work, we first present an extended nonrelativistic quantum formalism where space and time play equivalent roles. It leads to the probability of finding a particle between x and x + dx during [t, t + dt]. Then, we find a Schrodinger-like equation for a "mirror" wave function phi(t, x) associated with the probability of measuring the system between t and t + dt, given that detection occurs at x. In this framework, it is shown that energy measurements of a stationary state display a nonzero dispersion, and that energy-time uncertainty arises from first principles. We show that a central result on arrival time, obtained through approaches that resort to ad hoc assumptions, is a natural, built-in part of the formalism presented here.
- 出版日期2017-3-29
