Dietary Guidelines for Breast Cancer Patients: A Critical Review

作者：Teresa Limon Miro Ana; Lopez Teros Veronica; Astiazaran Garcia Humberto^*

来源：Advances in Nutrition, 2017, 8(4): 613-623.

DOI：10.3945/an116.014423

• macronutrients and micronutrients in breast cancer
• personalized diet
• drug-nutrient interaction
• dietary assessment
• food-based intervention

Current dietary guidelines for breast cancer patients (BCPs) fail to address adequate dietary intakes of macro- and micronutrients that may improve patients' nutritional status. This review includes information from the PubMed and Domed Central databases over the last 15 y concerning dietary guidelines for BCPs and the potential impact of a personalized, nutrient-specific diet on patients' nutritional status during and after antineoplastic treatment. Results indicated that BCPs should receive a nutritional assessment immediately after diagnosis. In addition, they should be encouraged to pursue and maintain a healthy body weight [body mass index (BMI; in kg/m(2)) 20-24.9], preserving their lean mass and avoiding an increase in fat mass. Therefore, after nutritional status diagnosis, a conservative energy restriction of 500-1000 kcal/d could be considered in the dietary intervention when appropriate. Based on the reviewed information, we propose a personalized nutrition intervention for BCPs during and after antineoplastic treatment. Specifications in the nutritional therapy should be based on the patients' nutritional status, dietary habits, schedule, activities, and cultural preferences. BCPs' daily energy intake should be distributed as follows: <30% fat/d (mainly monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids), 55% carbohydrates (primarily whole foods such as oats, brown rice, and fruits), and 1.21.5 g protein center dot kg(-1) center dot d(-1) to avoid sarcopenic obesity. Findings suggest that 5-9 servings/d of fruits (similar to 150 g/serving) and vegetables (similar to 75 g/serving) should be encouraged. Garlic and cruciferous vegetables must also be part of the nutrition therapy. Adequate dietary intakes of food-based macro- and micronutrients rich in (beta-carotene and vitamins A, E, and C can both prevent deterioration in BCPs' nutritional status and improve their overall health and prognosis.

• 出版日期2017-7