All-cause mortality increased by environmental cadmium exposure in the Japanese general population in cadmium non-polluted areas

作者：Suwazono Yasushi^*; Nogawa Kazuhiro; Morikawa Yuko; Nishijo Muneko; Kobayashi Etsuko; Kido Teruhiko; Nakagawa Hideaki; Nogawa Koji

来源：Journal of Applied Toxicology, 2015, 35(7): 817-823.

DOI：10.1002/jat.3077

• urinary cadmium
• all-cause mortality
• proportional hazards regression
• cohort study
• general population

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of environmental cadmium (Cd) exposure indicated by urinary Cd on all-cause mortality in the Japanese general population. A 19-year cohort study was conducted in 1067 men and 1590 women aged 50years or older who lived in three cadmium non-polluted areas in Japan. The subjects were divided into four quartiles based on creatinine adjusted U-Cd (mu gg(-1) cre). The hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for continuous U-Cd or the quartiles of U-Cd were estimated for all-cause mortality using a proportional hazards regression.The all-cause mortality rates per 1000 person years were 31.2 and 15.1 in men and women, respectively. Continuous U-Cd (+1 mu gg(-1) cre) was significantly related to the all-cause mortality in men (HR 1.05, 95% CI: 1.02-1.09) and women (HR 1.04, 95% CI: 1.01-1.07). Furthermore in men, the third (1.96-3.22 mu gg(-1) cre) and fourth quartile (3.23 mu gg(-1) cre) of U-Cd showed a significant, positive HR (third: HR 1.35, 95% CI: 1.03-1.77, fourth: HR 1.64, 95% CI: 1.26-2.14) for all-cause mortality compared with the first quartile (<1.14 mu gg(-1) cre). In women, the fourth quartile of U-Cd (4.66 mu gg(-1) cre) also showed a significant HR (1.49, 95% CI 1.11-2.00) for all-cause mortality compared with the first quartile (<1.46 mu gg(-1) cre).In the present study, U-Cd was significantly associated with increased mortality in the Japanese general population, indicating that environmental Cd exposure adversely affects the life prognosis in Cd non-polluted areas in Japan.

• 出版日期2015-7