African horse sickness virus infects BSR cells through macropinocytosis

作者：Vermaak Elaine; Conradie Andele M; Maree Francois F; Theron Jacques^*

来源：Virology, 2016, 497: 217-232.

DOI：10.1016/j.virol.2016.07.012

• African horse sickness virus
• Orbivirus
• Endocytosis
• Macropinocytosis
• Cell entry

Cellular pathways involved in cell entry by African horse sickness virus (AHSV), a member of the Orbivirus genus within the Reoviridae family, have not yet been determined. Here, we show that acidic pH is required for productive infection of BSR cells by AHSV-4, suggesting that the virus is likely internalized by an endocytic pathway. We subsequently analyzed the major endocytic routes using specific inhibitors and determined the consequences for AHSV-4 entry into BSR cells. The results indicated that virus entry is dynamin dependent, but clathrin- and lipid raft/caveolae-mediated endocytic pathways were not used by AHSV-4 to enter and infect BSR cells. Instead, binding of AHSV-4 to BSR cells stimulated uptake of a macropinocytosis-specific cargo and inhibition of Na+/H+ exchangers, actin polymerization and cellular GTPases and kinases involved in macropinocytosis significantly inhibited AHSV-4 infection. Altogether, the data suggest that AHSV-4 infects BSR cells by utilizing macropinocytosis as the primary entry pathway.

• 出版日期2016-10