科研之友
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摘要
There is scarcity of data on contamination with radiocesium (Cs-134/137) of edible mushrooms from the Southwestern Asia. This study aimed to get insight into activity concentration of artificial nuclides Cs-134/137 and natural K-40 and Ra-226 in mushrooms from Yunnan province, which is major producer in China. The specimens of pantropical mushroom Macrocybe gigantea were collected from the wild and from a farm across Yunnan land in 2012-2013 and analyzed using gamma spectrometry with hyperpure germanium coaxial detector (HPGe). M. gigantea showed low activity concentrations of Cs-137 (median value for dehydrated caps was 4.5 Bq kg(-1) and 5.4 Bq kg(-1) for stipes) while Cs-134 was not detected. Natural radionuclide K-40 showed 2-3 orders of magnitude greater activity concentration compared to artificial Cs-137 in M. gigantea. The activity concentrations of Ra-226 from uranium and radium decay series for most of the consignments of M. gigantea examined were below the method's limit of detection. The nominal effective dose equivalent for the Yunnan people from the dietary intake of Cs-137 was assessed to be below 0.01 mu Sv per annum on the average, and that from K-40 to be below 0.1 mu Sv per annum. Data available for the first time on activity concentrations of Cs-137 in wild-grown saprobic mushroom from this region of Asia suggest low pollution with radiocesium from fallout there. Hence, the likely health risks from intake of Cs-137 from cooked M. gigantea are in practice of mushrooms absent for human consumers there. Because of abundance of mushrooms in Yunnan and high significance of the region as producer and exporter a wider study using many species is necessary to fill a gap on possible radioactive contamination and risk to mushroom consumers.
