Emergence of Streptococcus pneumoniae Serogroups 15 and 35 in Nasopharyngeal Cultures From Young Children With Acute Otitis Media

作者：Martin Judith M^*; Hoberman Alejandro; Paradise Jack L; Barbadora Karen A; Shaikh Nader; Bhatnagar Sonika; Shope Timothy; Block Stan L; Haralam Mary Ann; Kurs Lasky Marcia; Colborn D Kathleen; Green Michael

来源：Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal, 2014, 33(11): E286-E290.

DOI：10.1097/INF.0000000000000445

• acute otitis media
• Streptococcus pneumoniae
• serotypes
• vaccine
• nasopharyngeal colonization

Background: Surveillance of children with acute otitis media (AOM) for nasopharyngeal colonization with Streptococcus pneumoniae before, during and after the introduction of 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) indicated the near-complete elimination of PCV7 strains and the emergence of pneumococcal serotype 19A.
Methods: To determine effects of the introduction of 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) on pneumococcal nasopharyngeal colonization, we obtained nasopharyngeal cultures from 228 children 6 through 23 of age months presenting with a new episode of AOM during 2012 and 2013 and enrolled in an ongoing clinical trial of antimicrobial efficacy. All children had received at least 2 doses of PCV13. The S. pneumoniae isolates were subjected to serotyping and testing for antimicrobial susceptibility. We compared the findings with results obtained in 3 earlier studies.
Results: We found nasopharyngeal colonization with S. pneumoniae in 113 (50%) of the children with AOM. PCV7 and PCV13 serotypes accounted for 2% and 12%, respectively, of the pneumococcal isolates. Of the 14 PCV13 isolates, 8 were serotype 19A. Nonvaccine serotypes accounted for 69% of the isolates. Most frequently occurring were sub-types of serotype 15 (23%) and serotype 35B (9%). Overall, 33% of the isolates were penicillin nonsusceptible, a proportion not significantly different from proportions found in our 3 earlier studies (26%, 36% and 37%, respectively). Serotypes 15 and 35B accounted for 51% of penicillin-nonsusceptible isolates.
Conclusions: Expansion of contents of pneumococcal vaccine administered to children is followed by not-fully-predictable changes in nasopharyngeal pneumococcal colonization. Continued surveillance is required to help inform future vaccine development.

• 出版日期2014-11