Molecular Basis for Vitamin A Uptake and Storage in Vertebrates

作者：Chelstowska Sylwia; Widjaja Adhi Made Airanthi K; Silvaroli Josie A; Golczak Marcin

来源：Nutrients, 2016, 8(11): UNSP 676.

DOI：10.3390/nu8110676

• vitamin A
• retinol
• lecithin: retinol acyltransferase (LRAT)
• lipid metabolism
• visual cycle

The ability to store and distribute vitamin A inside the body is the main evolutionary adaptation that allows vertebrates to maintain retinoid functions during nutritional deficiencies and to acquire new metabolic pathways enabling light-independent production of 11-cis retinoids. These processes greatly depend on enzymes that esterify vitamin A as well as associated retinoid binding proteins. Although the significance of retinyl esters for vitamin A homeostasis is well established, until recently, the molecular basis for the retinol esterification enzymatic activity was unknown. In this review, we will look at retinoid absorption through the prism of current biochemical and structural studies on vitamin A esterifying enzymes. We describe molecular adaptations that enable retinoid storage and delineate mechanisms in which mutations found in selective proteins might influence vitamin A homeostasis in affected patients.

• 出版日期2016-11
• 单位河北医科大学