科研之友
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摘要
The addition of chlorine dioxide disinfectant to tap water prevents the spread of infection but has a serious drawback in that it degrades materials used in piping, including pipes made of polyethylene. Efficient methods are required to assess the long-term performance of different combinations of antioxidants and polyethylene grades. We have previously presented a screening method which exposes solutions of phenolic antioxidants in squalane (a liquid, low molar mass analogue of polyethylene) to 70 C water containing either chlorine dioxide or chlorine. This method assesses the stability of the antioxidants towards these aqueous chlorinated media by determining the oxidation induction time through differential scanning calorimetry. The same experimental set-up with two modifications was used in developing a new method. A 0.3 mm thick polyethylene tape replaced the squalane phase and the supply of fresh water containing chlorine dioxide (10 ppm at pH = 6.8) was continuous; this required minimum attention from the operator over the longer exposure time periods used. Tapes of medium-density polyethylene containing 0.1 wt.% of six different phenolic antioxidants were studied. A linear relationship was established between the times to reach antioxidant depletion in the polyethylene tape samples and the times in the squalane samples (with the same antioxidants at the same concentration). A linear relationship was also found between the initial antioxidant consumption rates in polyethylene and squalane. Infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy of drawn samples revealed the onset of surface oxidation and surface embrittlement in tape samples exposed beyond the time for antioxidant depletion.
- 出版日期2013-4
