Apixaban after hip or knee arthroplasty versus enoxaparin: efficacy and safety in key clinical subgroups

作者：Pineo G F; Gallus A S; Raskob G E^*; Chen D; Ramirez L M; Ramacciotti E; Lassen M R; Wang L

来源：Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis, 2013, 11(3): 444-451.

DOI：10.1111/jth.12109

• apixaban
• body mass index
• enoxaparin
• oral anticoagulant
• renal function
• thromboprophylaxis

. Background: New oral anticoagulants for thromboprophylaxis after hip or knee arthroplasty have been given as fixed-dose regimens. Objective: To evaluate the consistency of the antithrombotic efficacy and bleeding risk of apixaban 2.5mg twice daily compared with enoxaparin 40mg once daily after knee or hip arthroplasty across the clinical characteristics of age, gender, body weight, body mass index (BMI) and creatinine clearance. Methods: The pooled results of the ADVANCE-2 (knee arthroplasty) and -3 (hip arthroplasty) randomized trials were used to evaluate if treatment had a statistically significantly different effect (P%26lt;0.10) on major venous thromboembolism (VTE) and bleeding for the characteristics of age, gender, body weight, BMI and creatinine clearance. Both univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression were used. Results: Univariate analyses identified statistically significant interactions for age and major VTE (P=0.09); for both age (P=0.07) and body weight (P=0.07) and the outcome of major bleeding; and for creatinine clearance (P=0.03) and the composite outcome of major and clinically relevant non-major bleeding. Estimates of these possible differences were not precise, with wide 95% confidence intervals (CIs) that included a zero difference for several subgroups. Multivariate logistic regression analysis did not detect a statistically significant interaction for any outcomes. Conclusions: This analysis found no convincing evidence that age, weight, gender, BMI or creatinine clearance influenced the balance of benefit to risk for apixaban compared with enoxaparin. Because only 5% of patients had a creatinine clearance between 30 and 50mLmin1, further data are needed in such patients.

• 出版日期2013-3