Associations between intake of fish and n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids and plasma metabolites related to the kynurenine pathway in patients with coronary artery disease

作者：Karlsson Therese^*; Strand Elin; Dierkes Jutta; Drevon Christian A; Oyen Jannike; Midttun Oivind; Ueland Per M; Gudbrandsen Oddrun A; Pedersen Eva Ringdal; Nygard Ottar

来源：European Journal of Nutrition, 2017, 56(1): 261-272.

DOI：10.1007/s00394-015-1077-9

• Fish intake
• Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid
• Neopterin
• Kynurenine pathway

Enhanced tryptophan degradation via the kynurenine pathway has been related to several pathological conditions. However, little is known about the effect of diet on individual metabolites of this pathway. We investigated cross-sectional associations between reported intake of fish and omega-3 (n-3) long-chain PUFA (LC-PUFA) and plasma metabolites related to the kynurenine pathway.
Participants were 2324 individuals with coronary artery disease from the Western Norway B Vitamin Intervention Trial. Fish and n-3 LC-PUFA intakes were assessed using a food frequency questionnaire. Plasma concentrations of tryptophan, kynurenine, kynurenic acid, anthranilic acid, 3-hydroxykynurenine, xanthurenic acid, 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid, neopterin, and kynurenine-to-tryptophan ratio (KTR) were analyzed. Associations were investigated using partial Spearman's rank correlations and multiple linear regressions.
Median age at inclusion was 62 years (80 % males), and 84 % had stable angina pectoris. Intake of fatty fish and n-3 LC-PUFA was inversely associated with plasma 3-hydroxykynurenine. Consumption of total fish, lean fish, and n-3 LC-PUFA was inversely associated with plasma neopterin. Intake of total fish, fatty fish, and n-3 LC-PUFA was inversely associated with KTR. All these correlations were weak (rho between -0.12 and -0.06, P < 0.01). In 306 patients with diabetes, lean fish intake was positively associated with plasma 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid (rho = 0.22, P < 0.001, P for interaction = 0.01), and total fish intake was inversely associated with KTR (rho = -0.17, P < 0.01, P for interaction = 0.02).
Fish intake was not an important determinant of individual metabolites in the kynurenine pathway. However, some correlations were stronger in patients with diabetes. The inverse associations of fish or n-3 LC-PUFA with neopterin and KTR may suggest a slightly lower IFN-gamma-mediated immune activation with a higher intake.

• 出版日期2017-2