科研之友
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摘要
The development of microsystems or "Lab-on-a-Chip" for both biological and chemical applications is a fast growing field due to the ability of these devices to perform a complex set of successive operations at a scale not easily handled by human experimenter. If few of these systems have reached the market nowadays, there are many public and industrial researchers working together on worldwide research programs. In this paper we first present the two microsystem archetypes, the microarrays and the microfluidic systems and some of their applications in chemistry and biology (chemical microarrays, chemical microreactors, DNA chips, microseparation...). Then, we review the main detection techniques (optical techniques, electrochemistry, electrochemiluminescence, mass spectrometry) that may be used for such applications and some of the technological materials and processes (glass, silicon, ceramics, polymers, etching, molding...) used for the fabrication of the microsystems. Finally, we present our project in microfluidics, which is lead at the USTL by three teams working in biology, mass spectrometry and microtechnology. It consists of a silicon microfluidic system dedicated to biological sample preparation before their analysis by ESI-MS; this microfluidic device contains different elementary modules such as an elution column, a novel internal non electrophoretic pump and an integrated ESI-nanoemitter. In complement to literature references, links to dedicated web sites are included.
- 出版日期2002-2
