科研之友
微信
新浪微博
Facebook
分享链接
摘要
Purpose of review Defective transduction of the dopamine receptor signal in the kidney has been shown to be important in the pathogenesis of hypertension This review will discuss the genetic mechanism for the defective renal dopaminergic function and the interaction with other gene variant products in the pathogenesis of salt sensitivity and essential hypertension.
Recent findings ingle nucleotide polymorphisms of G protein-coupled receptor kinase type 4 (GRK4) phosphorylate, desensitize, and diminish the inhibitory action of D, receptors on sodium transport in the kidney. Inhibition of GRK4 expression normalizes renal proximal tubule D, receptor function in humans and rodents and ameliorates the hypertension in genetically hypertensive rats. Expression of the GRK4 variant, GRK4gammaA142V, produces hypertension and impairs the natriuretic effect of D, receptor stimulation in mice. In humans, GRK4 single nucleotide polymorphisms are associated with essential hypertension, particularly salt sensitive hypertension. The prediction of the hypertensive phenotype is most accurate when elements of the renin-angiotensin system and GRK4 are included in the analysis.
Summary GRK4 single nucleotide polymorphisms, by preventing the natriuretic function of the dopaminergic system and by allowing the antinatriuretic function of angiotensin 11 type 1 receptors to predominate, may be responsible for salt sensitivity. Hypertension develops with additional perturbations caused by the variants of other genes (e.g., alpha-adducin, angiotensin converting enzyme, angiotensinogen, angiotensin 11 type 1 receptor, aldosterone synthase, 11 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2), the quantitative interaction of which may vary depending upon the genetic background.
- 出版日期2003-3
